Here are the key aspects of Bandura's theory:
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People learn from observation of others, however, this can depend on the amount of attention that is given to the behaviour.
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The person whose behaviour is being observed is called a model.
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Learning takes place without effort; however, the observer must be paying attention.
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Reinforcement is not necessary for learning to take place; however, it does determine whether the behaviour is imitated.
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Reinforcements and punishments can be vicarious; if the model’s behaviour has a pleasurable outcome it is more likely to be repeated by the observer. Vicarious means 'taking the place of others'; vicarious reinforcement is where one person's reinforcements have an effect on another person.
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The learner may receive reinforcements or punishments for imitating the model, this also affects behaviour.
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Some models are more likely to be imitated than others.
Bandura tested his theory with his famous Bobo Doll Experiment (see video below).
Also see this powerful example of children imitating parents
